For newborn burping, hold baby upright on your shoulder or lap and give gentle, repeated pats, pausing mid-feed and at the end.

A “big” newborn usually means a birth weight of at least 4,000 g (8 lb 13 oz) or above the 90th percentile for gestational age; some use 4,500 g.

A newborn’s brain is about 350–400 grams (~13–14 oz) and roughly one-quarter of adult size, growing fast in the first months of life.

Newborns are briefly awake—about 30–90 minutes at a time—with 14–17 hours of daily sleep as their bodies learn day–night rhythms.

Newborn activity means short wakeful bursts, daily tummy time, and frequent floor play—aim for 30+ minutes of supervised prone time across the day.

Newborn breathing stays mainly nose-based at 30–60 breaths a minute, with short pauses and gentle belly movement that still looks relaxed.

Newborns are tested for COVID-19 with a small nasal or throat swab for lab PCR; some centers use antigen tests, and timing often targets 24–48 hours.

Burp newborns during natural pauses and after feeds using upright or lap positions; many outgrow routine burping by about 4–6 months.

Newborns are briefly alert in quiet-alert windows—often 30–90 minutes—then cycle back to drowsy or sleep as their brains reset.

Yes—newborn screening is reliable for many conditions, but it’s a screen, not a diagnosis; false positives can occur and rare misses are possible.